Tradable Indices Essay Example for Free

Tradable Indices Essay 1) How many boards are available in Malaysia share market? It consists of a Main Board, a Second Board and MESDAQ with total market capitalization of MYR700 billion (US$189 billion). 2) What are the characteristics of all boards MESDAQ (Malaysian Exchange of Securities Dealing and Automated Quotation) was launched on 6 October 1997 as a separate securities market, mostly for listing technology-based companies. It is part of Bursa Malaysia. The Mesdaq has now been changed to the ACE Market. Bursa Malaysia offers three (3) boards, Main Board, Second Board and MESDAQ Market. Generally, Main Board is for more established companies, Second Board for relatively smaller companies and MESDAQ Market is for high growth and technology companies. Both the Second Board and MESDAQ Market provide an avenue for relatively smaller companies to access the capital market early to fuel their expansion plans. Once established, they can transfer their listing status to the Main Board. 3) Index. How many index traded? (e.g. KLCI) TRADABLE INDICES FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI Index (effective 6th July, 2009) * This tradable index comprises the 30 largest companies in the FTSE Bursa Malaysia EMAS Index by market capitalisation. FTSE Bursa Malaysia Mid 70 Index * Comprises the next 70 companies in the FTSE Bursa Malaysia EMAS Index by full market capitalisation. FTSE Bursa Malaysia Top 100 Index * Comprises the constituents of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI and the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Mid 70 Index. FTSE Bursa Malaysia Hijrah Shariah Index * The FTSE Bursa Malaysia Hijrah Shariah Index is a tradable index which comprises the 30 largest companies in the FTSE * Bursa Malaysia EMAS Index that meets the following triple screening process: * FTSEs global standards of free float, liquidity and investability * Yasaars international Shariah screening methodology * Malaysian Securities Commissions Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) screening methodology FTSE Bursa Malaysia Asian Palm Oil Plantation Index (USD and MYR) * This index comprises the companies from the universes of developed, advanced emerging and secondary emerging countries as classified by FTSE in the Asia Pacific region excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand that derive substantial revenue from palm oil activities 4) What is characteristics of Index (e.g. FTSE composite index) The two main eligibility requirements stated in the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Index Ground Rules are the free float and liquidity requirements. Free Float * Each company is required to have a minimum free float of 15%. The free float excludes restricted shareholding like cross holdings, significant long term holdings by founders, their families and/or directors, restricted employee share schemes, government holdings and portfolio investments subject to a lock in clause, for the duration of that clause. A free float factor is applied to the market capitalisation of each company in accordance with the banding specified in the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Ground Rules. The factor is used to determine the attribution of the company’s market activities in the index Liquidity * A liquidity screen is applied to ensure the company’s stocks are liquid enough to be traded. Companies must ensure that at least 10% of their free float adjusted shares in issue is traded in the 12 months prior to an annual index review in December. * It contains 30 companies from the main market with approximately 900 to 1000 listed companies. The index has a base value of 100 as of January 2, 1977.[2]

Things Fall Apart Essay -- essays research papers

Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. New York, New York Copyright 1959 Author Biography Albert Chinualumogu Achebe, or Chinua Achebe, was born November 16, 1930, in Ogidi, Nigeria. His parents were Janet N. Achebe, and Isaiah Okafo, a teacher in a missionary school. Mr. Achebe was educated at the University College of Ibadan, but also attended Government College in 1944. He wrote his first novel, Things Fall Apart, in 1958. During the Biafran War, he was in the Biafran government service. After the war, Mr. Achebe taught at several universities, both in Nigeria and in the United States. In 1967 he cofounded a publishing company with a fellow author, Christopher Okigbo. Mr. Achebe’s later works include No Longer at Ease, Arrow of God, and Anthills of the Savannah. A serious car accident left Mr. Achebe paralyzed from the waist down in 1990. The majority of his novels deal with Africans struggle to free themselves from European colonial and political influences, due to his experiences in the Biafran War and the Nigerian Civil War. Main Characters Okonkwo- Okonkwo is the main character in the novel. He is a distinguished man in the clan, and has been since a young age, when he established himself as a skilled wrestler. He had a very lazy father, and this was a source of much embarrassment to him, so to overcome this, he is an overbearing husband, and father. He feels that he always has to prove that he is different than his father, which is eventually his downfall. Unoka- Unoka is Okonkwo’s father. He was a very lazy man and always an embarrassment to his family, especially his son. He is the reason that Okonkwo is so scared of failing. Nwoye- Nwoye is Okonkwo’s son, and he is lazy and complacent, like his grandfather. Okonkwo’s way of changing this is to be especially hard on him, which drives him further away, eventually to join the missionaries. Ezinma- Ezinma is Okonkwo’s daughter, and he is proud of her, even though he won’t show this because he thinks that it is a weakness. She is smart and pretty. Okonkwo wishes that she were a boy so that he could pass on his knowledge and fortune to her. Mr. Brown- Mr. Brown is the first missionary to arrive in Umuofia. He is nice enough to the clan, so they decide to let him stay, but soon enough he brings others, both from the clan and from outside, into the c... ...alk to you.† This is an important excerpt from the book because it shows how the natives tried to negotiate with the white men peacefully. All they wanted was for the clan to return to the way it was before the white men came, and they even agreed to let the white men stay and practice their religion as long as they didn’t bother anyone. But the Christians had to have everything, so there was a conflict. 5.Obierika is talking. Chapter Twenty Five Obierika, who had been gazing steadily at his friend’s dangling body, turned suddenly to the District Commissioner and said ferociously: â€Å" That man was one of the greatest men in Umuofia. You drove him to kill himself; and now he will be buried like a dog†¦.† He could not say anymore. His voice trembled and choked his words. This quote is significant because it shows the falling apart of the clan as a whole. Okonkwo was a one of the strongest men in Umuofia, both in physical strength and mental determination. His taking his own life is a sign that the natives are losing the battle against the stronger white men. If he is not strong enough to endure the white men, than it is obvious that no one else in Umuofia will last much longer.

Narrative of Frederick Douglass

The Autobiography of Frederick Douglass, titled â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†, utilizes five key literary devices in order to better convey Douglass's journey from enslavement to freedom. This includes the use of Imagery, diction, first person point of view, specific details, and allusion. Each of these is used to help convey the experiences of slavery, as well as the joys and fears of being a freed slave. The use of Imagery throughout the narrative engrosses the reader and provides him with a better sense of the ideas and experiences of Douglass.An example of these is when Douglass looked out onto the Chesapeake bay, at which point he saw several ships with white sails. These struck him profoundly, acting as a beacon of light in the midst of his dark circumstances. These white sails seemed to be an idea of hope and freedom, the thought that one day he too could be like the ships, with nothing but the wind to guide him. Another example of Imagery is when D ouglass first receives Sandy's â€Å"Magical† root.This was supposed to protect Douglass from further beatings by his slave masters, an idea that he easily discarded. In doing this, Douglass shows his difference from the other uneducated slaves, with the root making a distinction between how the educated and uneducated believe things occur. Still, Douglass did keep the root as a sort of last resort, an action that seems to show just how desperate Douglass was to ward off his abuse. The use of Diction throughout the story helps the reader to get a better sense of the mindset of Douglass.One example of this is when Douglass was sent to work with Mr. William Gardner. Here, he described his change in ownership as being â€Å"Hired† out, almost as if he were an employee of his master, instead of being lent or borrowed. Douglass didn't see this as abnormal, someone telling him who to work for without any regard for his own preference. Another example of word choice is when h e describes is mistress as being a â€Å"Kind and Tender-hearted woman†, a description that leads the reader to imagine almost a mother, someone who cared for others.He could have simply called her a â€Å"just† or â€Å"fair† woman, but instead he described her as motherly. Finally, when Douglass was describing his life constantly moving from owner to owner, he spoke on the fact that he truly did not have a home. In Douglass's case, â€Å"The ties that ordinarily bind their children to their homes were all suspended. † He truly did not have a place to call home, but this was almost a sort of freedom for him. He described the sense of home as â€Å"binding†, instead of â€Å"welcoming†.In doing so, he truly shows that he did not understand the idea of belonging to a home or group, but instead being a nomad. It does not feel as though a home â€Å"binds† a child to it, but instead its a safe haven, somewhere that you can feel safe. By recounting the story in a first-person point of view, Douglass better conveys his story to the reader. In telling the story in such a way, Douglass appeals to the emotions of his reader, even their humanity, in an effort to show them just how abusive the situation of a slave holder is.He does so in order to show both the effects of abuse on the slave and the owner himself. A story told in the third person can be percieved as detached, something that does not truly exist. But, by telling it from the perspective of one who actually endured the abuses, Douglass was able to make the story more credible and even make the reader think that such circumstances could happen to themselves. In telling the story in the first person, Douglass achieves his goal of appealing to the audience's humanity.No longer could they simply remain ignorant to the plight of a slave living in the south, but instead they now had to actually acknowledge the fact that they knew what was happening, and either act o n this knowledge, or ignore it. The constant use of specific details in the autobiography gives the tale credibility and engrosses the reader. An early, but important, example of a specific detail occurs in chapter 7. Here, Douglass is detailing his dire situation. He wishes to expand his intelligence, but then is unable to begin doing so because of his status as a slave.When Captain Anthony died, Douglass's hatred of slavery was even more apparent, when he was â€Å"to be valued with the other property† as though he were an item, not a person. In doing this, Frederick was perceived by his owner's heirs to be nothing more than a piece of property to be decided upon, not a person with hopes and dreams. Later in the tale, Douglass describes Mr. Hopkins, who's â€Å"Chief boast was his ability to manage slaves. † Hopkins was a cruel man, the poster child of slave handlers, and would enjoy beating and abusing his slaves.In describing his living conditions in prison, he des cribed it as â€Å"Much more comfortable†¦ than we expected†¦ Did not get much to eat, nor which was very good, but we had a clean room. † In doing this, Douglass provides the reader with an idea of just how bad their lives were as slaves, when even a prison cell seemed to be a comfortable and clean set of living conditions. Finally, Douglass refrained from using any real in-depth details when recounting his actual escape from slavery to freedom.He did this because he did not want slave owners to be able to use any of his methods against slaves themselves, which would endanger both abolitionists and slaves alike. Finally, the use of Allusion throughout the tale helps to show the great conflict of being free but a fugitive. Douglass compared his decision to that of Patrick Henry in deciding whether or pursue his own freedom or to remain a slave. Henry's decision for â€Å"Liberty or Death† was an easy one, Douglass claims, as it was certain liberty or death.In Douglass's case, however, the liberty was extremely uncertain, with even after him having escaped the possibility of being returned as a fugitive slave remained. Douglass also compares himself to an â€Å"Unarmed Mariner [rescued]†¦ From the pursuit of a Pirate† when describing his joy at obtaining freedom from slavery. Douglass also recalled the words of Thomas Jefferson, who despite being a slave owner, wrote that its practice was a â€Å"War against human nature itself. † Finally, Douglass alludes to the story of Daniel in the bible, who had been thrown into a lion's den but escaped unharmed through the help of God.This situation seems similar to the one Douglass found himself in, with his extraordinary luck allowing him to survive something that most men did not. Frederick Douglass used five literary devices in his narrative in order to better convey his story to the audience. His use of Imagery, Diction, First Person, specific details, and allusion causes th e story to be not only more realistic, but also more believable, by the audience. In doing so, he was better able to achieve his goal of conveying his story of slavery and freedom.

Kite Runner Discussion Questions - 4272 Words

KITE RUNNER Discussion Questions 1. The novel begins with Amirs memory of peering down an alley, looking for Hassan who is kite running for him. As Amir peers into the alley, he witnesses a tragedy. The novel ends with Amir kite running for Hassans son, Sohrab, as he begins a new life with Amir in America. Why do you think the author chooses to frame the novel with these scenes? Refer to the following passage: Afghans like to say: Life goes on, unmindful of beginning, end...crisis or catharsis, moving forward like a slow, dusty caravan of kochis [nomads]. How is this significant to the framing of the novel? The author chooses to frame the novel with these scenes because I think that in the first chapter the readers can see that Amir†¦show more content†¦There were no longer those two boys who used to visit the tree. The tree died with their friendship. 4. We begin to understand early in the novel that Amir is constantly vying for Babas attention and often feels like an outsider in his fathers life, as seen in the following passage: Hed close the door, leave me to wonder why it was always grown-ups time with him. Id sit by the door, knees drawn to my chest. Sometimes I sat there for an hour, sometimes two, listening to their laughter, their chatter. Discuss Amirs relationship with Baba. Baba was usually aloof and cold when he was around Amir. Since Baba was interested in sports, he felt like Amir wasn’t his son because he was into writing and was weak. In a conversation with Rahim Khan Baba said that something was missing in Amir. He said that a boy who couldn’t stand up for himself would not stand up for anything. They don’t really have a good father and son relationship because Baba expected too much of Amir. It was that winning kite tournament that somehow bonded them together but after a while, it went back to being the â€Å"cold† treatment 5. After Amir wins the kite running tournament, his relationship with Baba undergoes significant change. However, while they form a bond of friendship, Amir is still unhappy. What causes this unhappiness and how has Baba contributed to Amirs state of mind? Eventually, the relationship between the two returns to the way it was beforeShow MoreRelatedKite Runner Discussion Questions4262 Words   |  18 PagesKITE RUNNER Discussion Questions 1. The novel begins with Amirs memory of peering down an alley, looking for Hassan who is kite running for him. As Amir peers into the alley, he witnesses a tragedy. The novel ends with Amir kite running for Hassans son, Sohrab, as he begins a new life with Amir in America. Why do you think the author chooses to frame the novel with these scenes? Refer to the following passage: Afghans like to say: Life goes on, unmindful of beginning, end...crisis or catharsisRead MoreKite Runner Discussion Questions974 Words   |  4 Pages1. The novel begins with Amir s memory of peering down an alley, looking for Hassan who is kite running for him. As Amir peers into the alley, he witnesses a tragedy. The novel ends with Amir kite running for Hassan s son, Sohrab, as he begins a new life with Amir in America. Why do you think the author chooses to frame the novel with these scenes? Refer to the following passage: Afghans like to say: Life goes on, unmindful of beginning, end...crisis or catharsi s, moving forward like a slow, dustyRead MoreThe Kite Runner - Literary Criticism Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesDanil Kukovitskiy The Kite Runner written by Khaled Hosseini can be seen as a great book but at the same time one that is too simple and easy. In discussions of The Kite Runner, one controversial issue has been the inner levels of the novel. On one hand, many people believe that the novel is filled with numerous themes that are deep and make one think about the human experience and will leave you thinking long after you finish reading it. On the other hand, there are also many literary criticsRead MoreJsdgflka3918 Words   |  16 Pagesmns136@psu.edu or 610-396-6410.   Her office is located in 169 Franco. For further information, please visit the Office for Disability Services Web site: http://equity.psu.edu/ods. I encourage you to make appointments with me for help with or discussion of course matters. Also, I hope you will consider visiting our Learning Center in Franco 161. You may call (610) 396-6288 or (610) 396-6138 or e-mail LKZ3@psu.edu or SCD14@psu.edu to make an appointment for assistance with reading, study skillsRead MoreAnalysis Of A Thousand Splendid Suns By Khaled Hosseini953 Words   |  4 Pagesreally learned to appreciate reading. â€Å"I know we just finished reading The Kite Runner, but I want you guys to read this book because I want you all to be able to learn more about Khaled Hosseini’s writing style and how his unique writing style was able to craft these two beautiful stories,† said an overly excited Mrs. Martin. In the back of my mind I was very excited to start reading this novel. After reading The Kite Runner, I became intrigued with Khaled Hosseini’s writing style. Because throughRead MoreSelf Reflection Essay1250 Words   |  5 Pageswith it. The class discussions prepared me for when I had to be the discussion leader, and explain my adult adventure plan in the class. I felt that these learning objectives helped me to become a better students during this semester, and to be able to use what I learned throughout the next 4 years. I met the course objectives for critical thinking, reading, and writing skills through reading the books or watching movies, and talking about it. After reading The Kite Runner, I learned about criticalRead MoreEffects Of Social Class On British Literature1113 Words   |  5 Pagesclasses of society. It will also identify the issues that have a direct result in social interactions and how they affect British/World Literature. It will analyze a series of preset social categories into which a person is born into. To answer these questions, that the reader may or may not have will solely rely on how social class had an impact on Literature and the authors that write in those categories. During the 18th century British society remained under control of the monarchy and the aristocracyRead MoreMotivations of the Protagonist Amir Khan in The Kite Runner: An Analysis of Human Behavior4923 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿An Analysis of the Human Behavior Motivations of Kite Runners Protagonist Amir Khan Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Case Description: Kite Runner Basis 3 Identifying Information 3 Presenting The Problem 4 Developmental History 4 Theoretical Analysis 6 Systems Ecology Theory 6 Psychodynamic Theories: Attachment, Self-Efficacy, and Parental Investment 8 Learning Theory: Moral Development 11 Post-Modern: Hyper-Masculinity Theory 12 Theory Critique 14 Conclusion 16 Read MoreZias Profile: Personal Interview Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagesthink he was upset with me because I said I was not a fan of the â€Å"Kite Runner,† which he really enjoys. Although he was upset he did not give me horrible looks or did he try to belittle me. It should me how much maturity he has. When Alex Cyusa mentioned Zia’s maturity, it made me realize how much maturity he does have. Alex even goes on to say that Zia is someone he would be able to go to for advice on an issue or to help answer a question. While being at Concordia he has had an impact on his friendsRead MoreThe Achievement Of Desire By Richard Rodriguez1807 Words   |  8 Pageswhere I wanted to give up my education. The dirty old bungalows that all my English classes were taught in were not motivating atmospheres. There were many students who came to class unprepared or did not care about the class, which caused class discussions to become quiet and boring. Thankfully, most of the professors at my community college were passionate about their jobs, which would inspire me to continue my path to becoming educated. Because no one in my family had ever attended college, I did

Immigration Reform During The United States - 1120 Words

Immigration Reform Immigration reform has long been a battle for the United States and its people. One side of the spectrum the American people say, bring more people in and the other side says, enough! Lock the borders! Send them home. So who is right? The complexity of the immigration issue is not easily answered morally, however studies show the economic impact is vastly different in the way we choose to handle this problem. This article explores several economic possibilities if another mass overhaul of immigration like the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, (IRCA) would legalize the thousands of illegal immigrants, by specifically focusing on the 83,000 unauthorized immigrants in Ohio, then looking broader at the United States entire immigrant population and the economic impact of three proposed ways of handling our immigration problem. In Ohio alone 83,000 people reside as illegals and approximately 50,000 have lived in the US over five years. As illegal immigrants, their options for jobs are severely limited because of having to stay undercover for fear of deportation, hindering their ability to get good jobs as most jobs available to the unauthorized job seekers are entry level jobs that businesses either have a hard time filling with the American people or the return on investment is better using illegal immigrant labor because they can cheaply hire these workers. An article from the Bloomberg View, provides an example of the pressure American employers faceShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Immigration Reform During The United States Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesBenefits of Immigration Reform Today, the need for immigration reform questions many economic, political and moral realities in our country. In particular, the current immigration reform as a major issue in the Latino community. Each area will be examined with an emphasis on how each is beneficial to the economy, as well as touching on the differences between the key opinions around immigration reform. Latinos make up a large portion of the people impacted by the outcome reform bill. The MigrationRead MoreImmigration Reform During The United States925 Words   |  4 Pagesboth legal and illegal are mainly from Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. Uncontrolled immigration has been blamed on loss of jobs, higher crime rates and housing problems in the US. While these immigrants play a unique role in the economy, the executive and the legislature have found it necessary to control the inflow of these immigrants for various reasons. A number of laws and immigration policies have been enacted to create orde r in this issue. How these laws are perceived by immigrantsRead MoreIllegal Immigration1570 Words   |  7 Pages English 102 25 June 2013 Illegal Immigration Illegal Immigration has been a problem for a very long time now in the United States. It has also been a very controversial subject for as long as I can remember. Illegal immigration goes back hundreds and thousands of years. Living in such an anti-illegal immigration state has been tough, there is always something about illegal immigration laws going on, and politics talking about it and the saddest part families being separated, daily. Read MoreImmigration : A Nation Of Immigrants937 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Immigration make us stronger. It keeps us vibrant. It keeps us hungry. It keeps us prosperous. It is part of what makes this such a dynamic country†-Barack Obama. Throughout America’s history, immigrants have been a pivotal aspect on its economy and culture. America has always been a nation of immigrants, in fact during 1881 to 1920 nearly 23.5 million immigrants were welcomed by the American government with open arms. However, this phase ended when the U.S. government decided to put a limit onRead MoreImmigration And The United States1464 Words   |  6 Pages Immigration has always been a complex issue in the United States. Previous and current administrations have had great difficulties in setting policies and programs in place to address this problem. During the course of American history, laws were enacted to address such issues. There were numerous legislative milestones in regards to immigration in the United States. In order to understand the current issues regarding immigration, we have to look back at the policies that were in placeRead MoreCause/Effect of immigration reform971 Words   |  4 Pagesto mind when you think of immigration? What is the United States’ current Immigration Policy? Would you even think that it is considered to be one of the most debatable topics today? Nowadays, many people decide to immigrate to have a better life for themselves and their families. Immigration reform, as it has been called, had been tried during the past years by our very own Congress. Obviously, administrations efforts failed because, currently, illegal immigration is still a platform. Why wouldRead MoreImmigration During The United States1662 Words   |  7 PagesTara Paddyaker PS1113 Roni O’Dell Word: 1662 Immigration Immigration has played a huge role in settling America. Once known as â€Å"the melting pot† America has a wider diverse population. The history of immigration is what built America and created that diversity. Over the last 150 years, immigration laws have been enacted and changed to meet the demands of the influx of immigrants. Both Republicans and Democrats see immigration as a political battlefield. Each party blames the other for the lackRead MoreEconomics And Immigration : The Economics Of U.s. Immigration Policy964 Words   |  4 PagesEconomics and Immigration Immigration is a topic on everyone s minds these days. With presidential candidates vying for votes in debates and political campaigns, immigration has been talked about quite a bit. But what is truly known about immigration? Since it is such a divisive issue, it is hard to know what is true and what isn’t. Unfortunately, the information most readily available to us comes in the form of opinionated articles and biased speeches by presidential candidates. Because the informationRead MoreImmigration Reform1221 Words   |  5 PagesImmigration Reform is a serious and current issue in politics, in government, and in the lives of millions of people. Immigration reform is a term used by the American government and in politics. It refers to the changes to the current immigration policies in the United States. â€Å"Reform† is defined as a â€Å"change into an improved form or condition, by amending faults or abuses.† So, in a nutshell, Immigration Reform means the imp rovement of the law regarding how we, the United States, handle immigrationRead MoreImmigration Reform Of The United States1508 Words   |  7 Pagescome to the United States of America for better opportunities, such as employment and reuniting with family. These people are immigrants. However, many people immigrate illegally, meaning they do not comply with proper protocol for becoming a U.S. citizen. Throughout the history of America, reformation of immigration policy has already been implicated in federal law. Presently, immigration reforms are being considered to make it easier for foreigners to start a new life in the United States of America

Television And Its Impact On Children s Lifestyle

With the world facing an increased speed in the spread of information through advanced technological gadgets, a number of population across the world gain access to high speed internet coverage, increased radio frequencies, and digital television coverage. Given the relatively cheap but wide coverage and in depth analysis of news and other programs, uses of television continue to rise. High numbers of populations enjoy wide television coverage at low cost. Due to this reason, the prevalence of television as a news and lifestyle programmer in the society continues to rise. Increasing the society’s access to television services is an important factor in developing educational, inspirational, and social programs for the growth of the society. However, despite these important components of television in the society, it presents negative impacts. Frequency and time spent on television, especially for the young children does not only define the children’s lifestyles, but also has a bearing on the development and growth of such children. Such factors responsible for shaping children’s culture and growth include time spent on following television, the nature of the programs, and the company of the children during such viewership. This paper explores the effects of television and its programs on the growth and development of children. Similarly, the paper develops control measures for ensuring the children enjoys watching television without compromising their lifestyle, socialShow MoreRelatedObesity : The Disease Of The 21st Century947 Words   |  4 PagesThe occurrence of obesity is increasing globally, with nearly half a billion of the world s population now considered to be overweight or obese. There are many factors in today’s society that contribute to this growing epidemic including media, technology and demographics. With the media having more influence over our daily habits now more than ever, it is extremely easy to slip into a lifestyle that will lead to weight related health issues. By examining the ways the media influencesRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Children And Adolescents1449 Words   |  6 Pages Today nearly 98% of American households have televisions. This makes television the single most important source of media in the lives of children and adolescents. Research shows that about 21- 23 hours per week on average, that children between the ages of five and twelve are exposed. This brings much controversy as to how television delivers the news, media, and violence to young children and adolescents. Many argue that the viewing of television during these crucial years of development can beRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Children And Adolescents1446 Words   |  6 PagesToday, nearly 98% of American households have televisions. This makes television the single most important source of media in the lives of children and adolescents. Research shows that about 21- 23 hours per week on average, that children between the ages of five and twelve a re exposed. This brings much controversy as to how television delivers the news, media, and violence to young children and adolescents. Many argue that the viewing of television during these crucial years of development can beRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Children And Adolescents1446 Words   |  6 PagesToday, nearly 98% of American households have televisions. This makes television the single most important source of media in the lives of children and adolescents. Research shows that about 21- 23 hours per week on average, that children between the ages of five and twelve are exposed. This brings much controversy as to how television delivers the news, media, and violence to young children and adolescents. Many argue that the viewing of television during these crucial years of development can beRead MoreThe Self Image Of Young Adults1396 Words   |  6 Pagesself-esteem issues. Many of these conflicting identity issues play into these severe inflictions with one s self. Teens and young adults have a troubled existence of feeling incompetent, unloved, unworthy and leaving them unable to fit into the crowd because of their body image leaving an imprint of a certain way to look. As Early as age five, children have been brainwashed with secular television shows and cartoons with figures of slimming women with twenty-four-inch waste lines and voluptuous, flawlessRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is Becoming A Major Public Health Crisis Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Childhood obesity is becoming a major public health crisis in both children and adults. The American Heritage dictionary simply defines obesity as a condition of increased body weight that is due to excessive build up of fat in the body. The CDC (Center for Disease Control), use the BMI (Basal Metabolic Index) and CDC growth charts to determine obesity and overweight in adolescents and children. The BMI-for-age percentile is determined by plotting the BMI value. Using this chart, obesityRead MoreFighting Childhood Obesity Essay examples1519 Words   |  7 Pageshelping children learn how to follow a healthier lifestyle. There are some promising outlooks with these programs, and most doctors agree that parents should help their children create a more active and healthy lifestyle. They also agree that the government should provide more attention to the issue as well. Since the growing problem of childhood obesity can be detrimental to children’s health, actions should be taken by parents and the government to combat the issue by introducing children to a healthyRead MoreTelevision As Birth Control By Fred Pearce762 Words   |  4 PagesI chose the article â€Å"TV as Birth Control† by Fred Pearce. It addressed the issue of population growth and India s trend toward lower birth rates.When the decline in India s population growth was studied by Stanford human geographer Martin Lewis, discovered that the arrival of cable TV was the biggest cause of the decline in birth rate. His research corroborated a 2009 study by Robert Jensen and Emily Oster, development economists from the University of California, Los Angeles, and the UniversityRead MoreUnhealthy Eating1386 Words   |  6 PagesUnhealthy eating is a huge issue all over the world. It is a leading health problem among children and adults. As we grow, it is important to remain healthy inside and out. It is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle to live a longer life. Unhealthy eating leads to obesity in individuals, as well as chronic health issues like heart disease and strokes, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and certain kinds of cancers. The state of Minnesota is currently facing high obesity rates and this campaignRead MoreImpact of Technologies on Teenagers1700 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Technologies on Teenagers An Assignment Submitted by Name of Student Name of Establishment Class XXXX, Section XXXX, Spring 2013 Nowadays, information technologies play a significant role in the modern world. Information technologies have a long history. Some technologies were created a few years ago, while some technologies are comparatively new. Technologies have penetrated all spheres of human activities: education, politics, trade, medicine, and this list can

Glazed calcareous clay ceramics from critille, Turkey Essay Example For Students

Glazed calcareous clay ceramics from critille, Turkey Essay The twelfth and thirteenth centuries constitute a high point in the history of Islamic ceramics, with finely pot ted and decorated fritwarrs produced in both Syria and Iran. The widespread production of fine-lxdicd fril wares (also known as artificial paste or stonepaste-bodicd ceramics) and techniques either new (nnderglac paint ing. ajourc. and mina^i) or refined to new heights (luster and molded wares) base focused deserved attention on these two areas. Here we will examine the production of glazed ceramics in Svria and thejazira in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries by examining pan of a sample of glazed ceramics found during excavations at the south eastern Turkish site of Gritille. Until its recent flooding by the waters of the Ataturk Dain, Gritille was a small mound on the right bank of the Luphratcs River soon af ter it came down from the Anatolian highlands. 1 It was located some five miles tq »streain from Samsat, the prin cipal site in the region, which served to guard the major river crossing on the route from Syria to the eastern Ana tolian plateau, and dominated a small vallev surround ing it. The Sarnsat region was peripheral to both Anato lia and Syria, although it had participated more in the history of north Syria and the Ja/ira. Gritille itself was pe ripheral to Samsiit. in that it guarded a minor river cross ing at the uppet end of the valley that wasSamsafs hin terland. Gntillc was first foruficd in the medieval period in the mid eleventh century and soon abandoned, only to be rcfortificd about a century later near the end of the Cru sader county of Edcssa. Thereafter, from the mid twelfth century through the early to mid thirteenth cen tury. Gritille scivcd as a rural agrRu1lui.il settlement with largely domestic architecture. To examine the production of glazed ceramics, a sub set of 168 sherds from medieval levels at Gr itille were sampled anti chemically analyzed using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). This study corre- lates visual categories of Islamic glacd fritwarcs (derived mainlv from decorative technique) with categories of chemical composition to answer questions relating to glazed ceramic production in Syria and the Jaira in the   twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The project is still in progress, but it has already yielded an unexpec ted result that we will prevent in this paper. Of the 168 glazed ceramics sampled. 37 were found not to Ikfiitwares at all. but instead had calcareous clay bodies as determined by chemical analysis. Figure I contains drawings of indi cator sherds (rims and bases) in the calcareous clay ceramic sample. The sherds consututing this sample wcre of small open form vessels. The one exception to this is a vessel (ID # GT14S) whose shac and glaze indi cated that it belonged to a closed form vessel The indi cator sherd drawings show these open form vessels to be small bowls with rim diameters of approximately ten cen timeters. The sample contains tw o distinct rim shapes, a flared everted rim and a squared head rim. Ihose sherds large enough to show more body shape point to carina tion a few centimeters below the rim. There are also tw4 liases, one of which belongs to an oil lamp. Most of the sherds arc of turquoise or blue-green glaze, with three manganese purple glazed sherds and two with turquoise glaze on the exterior and manganese on the interior. Chemical analysis. The sherds were sampled for chemical analysis by drilling with tungsten carbide drill bits. Approximately 200 milligrams were extracted, dried, and 100 milligram siibsamplcs taken for analysis. Analy sis was conducted by INAA at the Smithsonian Institu tion Conservation Analytical laboratorys INAA facility using the National Institute of Standards and Technolo gys 20 megawatt research reactor. The analytical proto col was similar to that described in Blackman 1984 For the calcareous clay bodied ceramic 28 elements were quantifiable. The chemical data from the 37 calcareous clay sherds were first processed with the hierarchical aggregative clustering program AGCI,US using a nearest neighbor clustering algorithm on a squatrd mean Euclidean dis tance matrix based on the elements listed in figure. Clustering analysis divided the sample into five groups with one outlier displayed in figure 2. Chemical groups 1 through 4 all contained calcium in excess of 10 percent   Ml body colors rang ed from pale yellow through white. Chemical group 5, containing only two samples, aver aged about 7.5 percent calcium and the bodies displayed a brown color. Group 5. distinctive in both chemistry and body color, and probably better classified as an earthen ware. was excluded from further statistical analysis. Principal components analysis was carried out on the remaining four groups using the elements Na. Cr. Fe. Rb. and la. Figure 3 is a plot of the second and third principal components for the four groups, with the ellipses around the samples in each group representing the 93 percent confidence intervals. The Oldest Ceramics EssayQuite the contrary, it represents the survival of an earlier technique in an era when a new- technology had seemingly carried the field. With the rise and spread of fritwarc production in the eleventh or twelfth centu ries,4 the making of fine vessels with calcareous clay bod ies fell out of favor, as the whiteness of the fabric and fineness of potting available from an artificial paste body made it more attractive. The knowledge and exploita tion of beds of white clay would not have ceased, how ever. despite the overwhelming popularity of fntwares in the medieval and late medieval Middle Fast. White calca reous day continues to be used as a small pan of the frit ware process. Interestingly, however, the dominance of fritwarc in inland Syria and the Jazira in the twelfth cen tury is threatened at the turn of the century, not by a resurgence of interest in calcareous clay vessels, but by another kind of pottery production — glazed earthen ware and sgr afTiato. In our opinion,  «hen. the observable wide variety in fineness of polling, glazing, firing, and decoration of latc-twcltth and earlythirtccnthentury Syrian ceramics must be due to many production cen ters, in as small and peripheral areas as the Samsat valley. The production of calcareous clay vessels is part of the wide variety of ceramic production that goes with this decentralization. Until activation analysis is performed on them, these vessels, with calcium contents of between 10 and 17 percent, are visually indistinguishable from the lower end of the spectrum of fntware production occur ring at the same lime.